In-Vitro Anti-Urolithiatic Properties and GC-MS profiling of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. leaf extract

Abstract

A frequent urological condition caused by the crystallization of minerals and acid salts in the urinary tract is nephrolithiasis. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi are the predominant kind of renal calculi. Larger kidney stones may require medication or surgery, but smaller ones are usually treated conservatively. This present research involves an in-vitro nucleation and dissolution study to investigate the anti-urolithiatic properties of leaf extracts from Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. The leaves were shade dried, and powder samples were extracted using a soxhlet apparatus by n-hexane and further fractionated successively with sodium bicarbonate, and sodium hydroxide solution. The inhibitory effect of the leaf extracts (50–800 μg/mL) on calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal formation was evaluated using UV spectrophotometry at 620 nm. Dissolution studies were conducted by titrimetric method. The results demonstrated that different extracts of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. effectively inhibited CaOx crystal formation and facilitated the dissolution of kidney stones. This study indicates the antiurolithiatic potential of extracts from Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. as an effective replacement for kidney stone treatment.