Comprehensive evaluation of a wound healing formulation incorporating Phyla nodiflora silver nanoparticles

Abstract

The developed hydrogel formulation incorporating Phyla nodiflora derived silver nano particle for wound healing application. LCMS analysis of the ethanolic extract identified key bioactive compounds that facilitated the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Pn-Ag-Np). These nanoparticles were incorporated into a carbopol-based hydrogel and characterized using FTIR analyses to confirm structural integrity and compatibility. Stability studies for the formulated hydrogel conducted over three months demonstrated excellent viscosity retention, minimal variations in pH, and consistent drug content and In-vitro drug release studies at the 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd months showed sustained release, with maximum permeation observed at 14 hours. SEM analysis confirmed nanoparticle sizes between 2.4 nm and 31.7 nm, ensuring uniform distribution within the hydrogel matrix. Antioxidant assays such as DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging demonstrated significant free radical neutralization, while antiinflammatory studies, including proteinase inhibition, lipoxygenase inhibition, and protein denaturation assays, highlighted the formulation’s efficacy in modulating inflammatory pathways. Additionally, the hydrogel exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi bacteria, with strong antifungal action against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans. These findings suggest that the Phyla nodiflora silver nanoparticle hydrogel formulation is a promising wound healing agent with sustained drug release, potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, and broadspectrum antimicrobial activity, making it a potential therapeutic option for enhanced wound care and tissue regeneration.