AbstractIntellectual property rights (IP) is one ofthe major component of research in manyorganizations (both profit and non-profit),institutes and academics. Since 1970Õs, duringwhich a Canadian non-governmentalorganization (ETC group) filed two patentapplications for the first time on Òthe worldÕs firsteverhuman-made life formÓ, many companiesincluding academic institutes or universities areencouraging their researchers to protect theirfindings through IPÕs. It is obvious for theresearcher to surprise if he looks at the numberof patents that were issued since 1970 on variousentities over the advancement of science. Despiteintense database on inventions and/or discoveriesof various scientific organizations, the increasinginterests of the scientists to protect theirinventions/technology/discovery thorough IP issignificantly reducing the accessibility of theirfindings and there by slowing advances inscience. In this review, we are discussing onvarious components of patenting tools, protectionand methodologies as an introductory materialfor scientists and students for the betterunderstanding of intellectual property (IP) rights.We would like to promote the use of IPÕs toprotect the technology being theft out forbiological terrorism rather than a commercialmotif to ÒBusinessÓ the science.